GIS and Geospatial Studies in Disaster Management

Managing disaster is a major challenge with often untenable cascading effects to many countries, geographically collated regions, states, districts, and local areas with vulnerable population, infrastructure, and economies. Today substantial quantity of data is received via various sensors, including smart phones, satellites, social media, the internet of things (IoT), LoRA (long range) radio communication, LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging), HAM radio, Global Navigation Satellite System, and various on-site as well as off-site tracking devices, thanks to the rapid evolution and development of technology. The Web Portal Services are the resource hub of all these critical information which has made geospatial technologies a vital asset in all stages of disaster management, including prevention, mitigation, preparedness, rescue, relief, and recovery. With the assistance of big data and artificial intelligence-powered machine learning tools, numerous other technologies have engaged with a diverse group of decision-makers by creating interfaces and applications that can be accessed on portable smart devices worldwide. The progress made in Remote Sensing (RS) has made a noteworthy contribution to the enhancement of the spatial and temporal resolutions of optical and radar sensors. Terrestrial mobile units have enhanced emergency response capabilities by implementing real-time video conferencing, ensuring prompt and effective response. The Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) offers a comprehensive system for efficient data acquisition, retention, geospatial analysis, and dissemination to facilitate disaster management. Artificial intelligence and big data technology have recently been extensively utilized in the quantitative comprehension of natural phenomena. The integration of point clouds, 3D Geographic Information System, Building Information Modeling System (BIMS), and sensor information has proven effective in various emergency response applications, utilizing 3D capture of disaster scenarios. More so all information obtained is integrated into super computing platform and shared in live mode during all facets of disaster management. Despite so many advancements in data capturing, this chapter explains various challenges that distinguish our world of intelligence, timely decision-making, and smart communications in disaster management paradigm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

• Get 10 units per month
• Download Article/Chapter or eBook
• 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
• Cancel anytime

Buy Now

eBook EUR 909.49 Price includes VAT (France)

Hardcover Book EUR 896.74 Price includes VAT (France)

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Similar content being viewed by others

GIS and Geospatial Studies in Disaster Management

AYDES: An All-in-One Solution for Geospatial Information Technology Based Disaster Management and Decision Support

Geospatial Technology for Multi-hazard Risk Assessment

References

• Bhanumurthy, V., & Sharma, V. K. (2019). Integration of multiple technologies in web environment for developing an efficient framework for emergency management. In J. P. Rao, K. N. Rao, & S. Kubo (Eds.), Proceedings of international conference on remote sensing for disaster management, issues and challenges in disaster management. Springer. Google Scholar
• Bhatt, C. M., & Karnatak, H. C. (2019). Geoweb services and open online data repositories for North West Himalayas studies including disaster monitoring and mitigation, Chapter 23. In R. R. Navalgund et al. (Eds.), Remote sensing of Northwest Himalayan ecosystems (pp. 501–536). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2128-3_23ChapterGoogle Scholar
• Coppola, D. P. (2015). Introduction to international disaster management. Butterworth-Heinemann. Google Scholar
• Dilo, A., & Zlatanova, S. (2011). A data model for operational and situational information in emergency response. Applied Geomatics, 3, 207–218. ArticleGoogle Scholar
• Erden, T., & Coskun, M. Z. (2010). The role of geospatial tools in disaster management life cycle. FIG Congress 2010. Google Scholar
• Ghawana, T., & Zlatanova, S. (2018). Institutional arrangements and spatial information initiatives for disaster management in international organisations: Compendium. Coordinates Media Pvt Ltd.. ISBN 978-81-908172-2-6. Google Scholar
• National Geospatial Deliverable Standard. (2018). https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-10/documents/nationalgeospatialdeliverablestandard.pdf. Accessed 15 Apr 2023.
• Phillips, B., Neal, D., & Webb, G. (2012). Introduction to emergency management. CRC Press. Google Scholar
• Reinsel, D., Gantz, J., & Rydning, J. (2018). The digitization of the world – From edge to core. An IDC White Paper. Google Scholar
• The National Geospatial Program Division. (2022). https://dst.gov.in/national-geospatial-programme-division-erstwhile-nrdms. Accessed 15 Apr 2023.
• Tomaszewski, B. (2015). Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for disaster management. CRC Press. Google Scholar
• UNDRR. (2019). Global assessment report on disaster risk reduction. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. 425p. Available online: https://gar.unisdr.org. Accessed 15 Aug 2022. Google Scholar
• UNGGIM. (2017). UN strategic framework on geospatial information and services for disasters. https://ggim.un.org/documents/UN-GGIM_Strategic_Framework_Disasters_final.pdf. Accessed 15 Dec 2020. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2021, 10, 610 21 of 23.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

1. National Institute of Disaster Management, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, New Delhi, India Chandan Ghosh

1. Chandan Ghosh